feat(后端): 添加授权体系、系统监控与试用期计提

按 2026-11-02 需求补齐计划交付后端能力：
- 角色授权：权限目录化，接口统一准入校验，未登记默认拒绝；
  管理员判断改为按数据库角色重新判定，防止权限码持有者绕过
- 系统监控：单进程采集资源、请求与异常指标，分钟级聚合，
  阈值配置化；敏感配置增加 repr 保护，Redis 密码 URL 转义
- 试用期计提：按回款日判定并写入快照，年度结清与调整单联动；
  人员模型补试用期、离职日期与工资版本历史字段
- 计提模板：公式骨架受控，页面维护名称与参数绑定
- T+ 采集：自动化配置表与进度查询

内置角色禁停用保护对齐模块注释；核算规则版本提为常量并
补充批量核算失败堆栈日志。

影响范围：后端全部模块、数据库迁移 V22-V28
验证：uv run ruff check 通过；922 个单元测试全部通过；
集成测试因本机 MySQL 数据卷被其他容器锁定暂未运行

backend/app/api/v1/system/monitor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+"""系统监控只读接口；全部复用管理员依赖，不提供运维写操作。"""
+
+from typing import Annotated
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Path, Query, Request
+from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
+from fastapi.responses import JSONResponse
+
+from app.api.deps import AdminUser, DbSession
+from app.core.response import ApiResponse, PageResult, ok
+from app.schemas.monitor import EventOut, EventQuery, MonitorWindow, OverviewOut
+from app.services import monitor_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/monitor", tags=["系统管理 · 系统监控"])
+
+
+@router.get("/overview", response_model=ApiResponse[OverviewOut], summary="健康总览")
+def overview(request: Request, session: DbSession, _: AdminUser):
+    return ok(monitor_service.overview(session, request.app.state.monitor))
+
+
+@router.get("/trends", response_model=ApiResponse[dict], summary="分钟级监控趋势")
+def trends(
+    request: Request, session: DbSession, _: AdminUser, query: Annotated[MonitorWindow, Query()]
+):
+    return ok(monitor_service.trends(session, request.app.state.monitor, query))
+
+
+@router.get("/interfaces", response_model=ApiResponse[dict], summary="接口性能排行")
+def interfaces(
+    request: Request, session: DbSession, _: AdminUser, query: Annotated[MonitorWindow, Query()]
+):
+    return ok(monitor_service.interfaces(session, request.app.state.monitor, query))
+
+
+@router.get("/events", response_model=ApiResponse[PageResult[EventOut]], summary="诊断事件")
+def events(session: DbSession, _: AdminUser, query: Annotated[EventQuery, Query()]):
+    return ok(monitor_service.events(session, query))
+
+
+@router.get("/events/{event_id}", response_model=ApiResponse[EventOut], summary="诊断事件详情")
+def event(session: DbSession, _: AdminUser, event_id: Annotated[int, Path(ge=1)]):
+    return ok(monitor_service.event(session, event_id))
+
+
+@router.get("/diagnostic", summary="下载脱敏诊断摘要")
+def diagnostic(
+    request: Request, session: DbSession, _: AdminUser, query: Annotated[EventQuery, Query()]
+):
+    return JSONResponse(
+        jsonable_encoder(monitor_service.diagnostic(session, request.app.state.monitor, query)),
+        headers={
+            "Content-Disposition": 'attachment; filename="monitor-diagnostic.json"',
+            "Cache-Control": "no-store",
+        },
+    )